From: Necrotizing pancreatitis complicated by retroperitoneal emphysema: two case reports
60 cases including our two cases and 58 reported cases (Ref. [2, 18,19,20, 25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65]) | |
---|---|
Sex | |
Male | 46 (76.7%) |
Female | 12 (20.0%) |
Unknown | 2 (3.3%) |
Age, median [IQR] | 61 [51.5–73] |
Co-morbid disease | |
History of diabetes mellitus | 17 (28.3%) |
History of drinking | |
Yes | 20 (33.3%) |
None | 40 (66.7%) |
Days to appearance of emphysema from disease onset | |
< 7 days | 34 (56.7%) |
≥ 7 days | 15 (25.0%) |
Unknown | 11 (18.3%) |
Bacteria detected in the peripancreatic area | Number of cases |
Total | 38 |
E. coli | 14 |
K. pneumoniae | 9 |
C. perfringens | 7 |
P. aeruginosa | 3 |
Enterococcus spp. | 2 |
E. aerogenes | 2 |
Candida spp. | 2 |
P. vulgaris | 1 |
H. parainfluenzae | 1 |
S. sanguis | 1 |
Bacteroides spp. | 1 |
Not mentioned | 22 |
Treatment | |
Laparotomy | 20 (33.3%) |
Puncture drainage (endoscopic or percutaneous) | 13 (21.7%) |
Combined (laparotomy and puncture drainage) | 4 (6.7%) |
Conservative treatment | 23 (38.3%) |
Prognosis | |
Alive | 43 (71.7%) |
Dead | 17 (28.3%) |
< 7 days to appearance of emphysema from disease onset | 15 |
≥ 7 days to appearance of emphysema from disease onset | 0 |
Unknown | 2 |
Mortality rate | |
All patients | 27% |
< 7 days to appearance of emphysema from disease onset | 44.1% |