Fig. 5

Laparoscopic view of the radical surgery. a Uterus (dashed line) and rectum (blue line) are exposed. b Separation between the vagina and rectum. c Ventral wall of the rectum (lined) is exposed and a marking suture (single arrow) for the distal end of the tumor is placed through the vagina (lined by dots). d A marked suture (double arrow) is visible at the proximal end of the tumor near the cervix (arrowhead)