Fig. 3
![Fig. 3](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs40792-022-01380-2/MediaObjects/40792_2022_1380_Fig3_HTML.jpg)
Intraoperative endoscopic views-1. Intraoperative endoscopic view. a Medial portion of the left posterior rectus sheath was incised. b Medial portion of the right posterior rectus sheath was incised after crossing the preperitoneal space. c Retrorectus space and preperitoneal space were dissected from the cephalad to caudal direction, incising bilateral posterior rectus sheaths