Fig. 2

Preoperative transthoracic echocardiographic views. a Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (white arrow), thick basal interventricular septum, and septal bulging (black asterisk) due to narrow aorto-mitral angle (dotted lines). b Color Doppler imaging of mitral regurgitation and flow acceleration in the left ventricular outflow tract. Ao: aorta; LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle; RV: right ventricle