Fig. 3

The trocar insertion sites from the body surface (a) and the abdominal cavity (b, c, d). A 12-mm port for the telescope; B 12-mm port for the surgeon’s right-hand device; C 12-mm blunt port for the surgeon’s left-hand device; D, E 5-mm ports for the assistant’s devices. All ports were inserted away from the driveline (black arrow) and the LVAD