Fig. 3

Intraoperative laparoscopic view of the upper abdominal cavity. a Dozens of fibrous bands and adhesion between the small bowel loop (white arrow) and anterior abdominal wall were recognized in the upper abdomen. b Direct view of the widely opened esophageal hiatus (black arrows) before repair. c Hiatal opening was closed around the esophagus with 3 interrupted 3–0 braided polyester sutures. d Short and floppy 360° wrapping was performed with 3 interrupted 3–0 stitches