Fig. 5

Operative and pathological findings of the second surgery. The operative findings (a) showed that the cecum (C) and the appendix (black arrow) were in the upper abdominal cavity, and the ascending colon ran from the cranial to the caudal side. The colon was pulled out from the abdominal cavity without any mobilization. The diagnosis was cecum volvulus with 180° rotation, and the tract was resected from the terminal ileum to the remaining transverse colon (b). Pathological findings (c) revealed a thinned intestinal wall and edema at the mucosal and submucosal layers, which indicated an acute circulating disturbance