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Surgical Case Reports
Fig. 2 | Surgical Case Reports

Fig. 2

From: Sphincter-preserving surgery for recurrent pelvic malignancy using a hybrid procedure of open laparotomy and transanal endoscopic approach

Fig. 2

Intraoperative views under the transanal endoscopic approach (TEA). a Dissection between the vagina and the rectum. V vagina. b Dissection of the external sphincter muscle. Ex external sphincter muscle. c Dissection of the scar tissue on the sacrum. S sacrum. d The recurrent tumor is located in the vaginal stump, indicated by yellow arrows

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